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English
1 The title suggests that the United States claimed the right to free passage through the Panama Canal under the terms of the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903.
1 The title suggests that the United States claimed the right to free passage through the Panama Canal under the terms of the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903.
The United States claimed the right to free passage through the Panama Canal under the terms of the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty of 1903. The treaty granted the U.S. control over a strip of land in Panama that was to be used as an isthmian canal zone, but did not specifically provide for free passage. In 1914, however, President Woodrow Wilson issued a proclamation declaring that ships of all nations would have the right of way through the canal. This was done under the president's authority as commander-in-chief and was based on the principle of self-defense, which allowed the U.S. to take necessary measures to protect itself from foreign attack or interference. The proclamation was challenged in court but upheld by a federal judge who ruled that it was within the constitutional powers of the executive branch.
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